Type Ii Diabetes Essay Research Paper Rebecca — страница 3

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failure especially in the kidneys. So far, we’ve talked about both Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. We have yet to explore Gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes occurs only in pregnant women. It’s caused by a blockage from hormones made in the placenta, which supplies the fetus with nutrients from the mother. This happens usually about midway through the pregnancy. Many women who develop Gestational diabetes are more likely to develop diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes generally does not cause birth defects. The most common side affect is that a baby born to a mother with Gestational diabetes is usually larger. This is known as macrosomia. Occasionally, the baby grows too large to be delivered through the vagina and a cesarean has to be performed. Children

born to women with Gestational diabetes have a higher risk of being obese at adolescence, which in contrast puts them at risk for Type 2 diabetes. Good dental hygiene is very important for people with diabetes. Controlling your blood glucose is the most important step you can take to prevent tooth and gum problems. Diabetics with poorly controlled blood glucose levels are more likely to get gum infections than nondiabetics. This can also make it more difficult to control your diabetes. Plus, in a diabetic, it takes longer for infections to heal. Make sure you inform your dentist that you have diabetes so he or she will demonstrate proper procedures to help you maintain healthy teeth and gums. (Diabetes Sourcebook 263) Testing your blood sugar is very important for someone with

diabetes. Some helpful tips are to keep records so your doctor can see how medicines, physical activity, diet, colds, and stress affect your blood sugar each day. There are two major ways to test your blood sugar. Both ways involve taking a small drop of blood from your finger and putting it on the end of a plastic strip. The strip changes color depending on how much sugar is in your blood. With the first method, you compare the color on the strip to one on a chart to get a rough estimate of your level. The second method consists of taking the strip and inserting it into a meter, which reads the strip. The second method is more accurate. Both methods are more accurate than testing your urine. These methods are common in insulin-dependent diabetes. (Type 1) Type 2 diabetics

don’t have to do these methods unless they have difficulty controlling their diabetes with diet, exercise or the proper medications. (Diabetes Sourcebook 166) Both types of diabetes are unfortunate. However, Type 2 is easier to control with diet, exercise and medications. Type 1 is more difficult. Treatment includes; insulin shots, controlled diet and carefully controlled glucose testing. Eating the right foods at the right time is very important for treatment. Type 1 diabetics need to time meals with insulin doses to keep blood glucose levels from getting too high or too low. (Hyperglycemia or Hypoglycemia) Long-term complications become more important as you get older. Diabetes can damage organs through its effects on blood vessels. The organs affected are kidneys, heart, and

eye and nerve disease. Kidney disease is the greatest threat to adults with Type 1 diabetes. The kidney’s small blood vessels filter impurities in the blood for excretion in urine. Diabetes damages these vessels so they cannot perform their filtration duties. Because there is no specific cure for diabetes II, or I the most important aspects of controlling the disease are exercise and diet. The main focus of a diabetic diet is planning, balance, and consistency. It helps to be consistent when eating so the body can more easily adapt to your diet. For non-insulin dependent diabetics the most important aspect of the diet is weight management and weight control. 80-90% of diabetics are overweight. Doctors recommend a calorie controlled meal plan and physical activity is a must for

type II diabetics. The idea of less fat more protein is a general idea of where to start your diet. There are many foods you should stay away from and some you should eat more frequently. Skinless poultry, fish, and lean meats are good to eat. Things you should avoid are nuts, butter, margarine, lunchmeat, bacon, sausage, gravy, salad dressing, mayonnaise, hydrated shortening, and it is important to reduce cheese intake. The foods previously listed are just are few of the things to eat and avoid. Each person is different and should use things like the Exchange List provided by the American Diabetes Association to plan their individual diet. The Exchange List groups foods into categories with approximately equal nutrition for each food listed in a group. This system allows a wide