The place of “Macbeth” among Shakespeare’s tragedies — страница 5

sacrifices the lives and reputation of two innocent underlings. The retribution is as appaling as the crime – his soul’s slow death in seef – harrow, degradation, loneliness, and despair, then his bloody extermination. Why should such a man do such evil? The play’s style and a few shreds to literary evidence suggest. 1605–06 as the period of composition; so it followed «Hamlet», «Othello» and possibly also «King Lear», those other tragedies in which destruction is wrought by naked evil, not mere domestic or political strife in «Macbeth» the evil works through the protagonist as well as upon him. The one with whom we identify is the one who possessed: this citadel crumbles from within. The supernatural soliciting of the Weird Sisters, the strenuous persuasions of

the write, do not explain Macbeth’s guilt. They enhance its power over our imagination by revealing stages is its course and suggesting forces in perilous balance. In Holinshed’s «Chronicle», from which Shakespeare drew his material, adding to the sins of the semi – legendary Macbeth these of Donwald, slayer of King Duff, the Weird sisters are «goddesses of destine» (derived from a heathen fatalism). In the play they are Elizabethan witches, their prescriptive powers subtly curtailed; they predict, abet, and symbolize damnation but do not determine it. Any sense that Macbeth is a helpless victim, his crime predestined, his will bound, as canceled as the play proceeds. Banquo: Good sir, why do you start and seem to fear Things that do sound so fair? The prophecies,

nevertheless, without explaining or excusing Macbeth's crimes, impress us as mitigation: powerful and wily forces are speeding him on his course. The more earthly influence of his Lady’s persuasion impresses us in a similar way. In a perverted way Lady Macbeth is doing what all loyal wives are expected to do, urging her husband on to what she deems his good: her as in the period of danger that follows, she at least is all for him. This is one of the marvels of the play, the manner in which this frightful collusion proceeds in an atmosphere of domestic virtue without the effect of irony. If the evil is great it is also limited, even in respected to the mallfactors. After Lady Macbeth’s collapse, her initial ferocity is remembered as something false to her wise and kingly

physician seems to us not misplaced. Macbeth: We hear our bloody cousins are bestowed In England and in Ireland, not confessing Their cruel parricide, filling their hearers With strange invention: but of that tomorrow. When there withal we shall have cause of state Craving us jointly. Hie you to horse; adieu, Till you return at night. Goes Fleans with you? (III.I. 29–35 p)2. Макбет: Узунқулоқ ҳар хил гаплар эшитаяпмиз; Қонсираган, кўрнамак, қўш фарзанднинг бири Англияда яна бири Ирландияда Гарданидан соқит қилиб падарқушликни, Эс ғазабин ўзларидан чалғитмоқ бўлиб, Ҳар хир туҳмат, чўпчак тўқиб

тарқатармишлар Чорасига бамаслаҳат ўйлаб, пишитиб, Иш тутармиз. Оқ йўл берсин. Маҳтал қилманг. Хайир. Базмда юз кўришгунча! Ҳа ўғлингиз Флинс сиз биланми? (С.А). (61–62 б). Макбет: Бизга етишди – Қотил жиянлар ҳақида миўғмиш хабарлар. Ирландия, Англия мулккида улар Паноҳ топиб, рад этишар падарқушликни. Турли-туман уйдирмаю ёлғонлар билан Одамларни чалғитишар. Буни эртага Ҳокимият ишларини кўрган кенгашда Гаплашамиз яна. Майли,

ҳозирча – хайр. Биз кутамиз. Ҳа, Флиенс ҳамроҳингизми? (Ж.К. 241 б). «We hear» is given in Uzbek us «Узунқулоқ ҳар хил гаплар эшитаяпмиз» Two words turned in to a whole sentence. In English the Uzbek sentence can be understood as! They say all Kinds of sentences = talks» «If we translate we hear» is «Бизнинг эшитишимизча». Turning two words into a whole sentence doesn’t mean here any violence of the origin, on the contrary the thought of the writer is caught truly and given nicely. In Russian Macbeth speaks thus: Макбет: Один из братьев – кравопийц, по слухам В Ирландии, и, в Англии – другой. Они