Economic Relations between Kazakhstan and Russia — страница 5

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history. First, the maintenance partner of ratios with Russia is necessary valid intercontinental of an arrangement of Kazakhstan, for which the exit on the world market is vital for an economic development. Russia in this respect occupies the strategically important position; being by the state, on which region pass vital for us strategy of transport and communication. Secondly, Russia is one of the important subjects of the international system, having significant political weight and rather large military-engineering opportunities. The Russian factor in many respects determines external policy a situation around of Kazakhstan, both on regional, and at the international level. Thirdly, Russia is the major economic partner Republic of Kazakhstan. It not only imports different

production and techniques to Kazakhstan, but also is the market of selling of Kazakhstan production. About 70 % of Kazakhstan industrial potential is involved on economy. In - fourth, both states are combined with a historical generality, spiritual and cultural links. In region of Russia the man is Kazakh Diasporas including 740 thousand. In Kazakhstan Russian are second on number ethnic group, making about 30 percents of the population of the country. In this context the Russian direction of exterior policy of Kazakhstan remains to one of priority and strategic. As a whole at the present stage in the Russian-Kazakhstan ratios the following most priority and perspective directions of cooperating are meant: • Mutual trade. • Interaction in oil and gas and power sphere. •

Cooperating in sphere of transport and communications. • Cooperating in sphere of safety. 1.1 Mutual Trade. The interests of both countries are answered with magnifying of mutual trade. Russian Federation traditionally occupies the first place among the basic trade partners of Kazakhstan both on export, and on import. Trade turn over in 2001 from Russian Federation has made 4 639,3 million of US dollars (Diagrama1,2). It is necessary to mark, that last years the growth of a share of Russian Federation in import and reduction in export is watched. The specific gravity of Russia in total amount of the Kazakhstan export is sequentially reduced (from 44,5 % in 1994 up to 20,2 % in 2001) and is augmented in import (from 36,3 % per 1994 up to 45,4 % per 2001). Within several last

years of Kazakhstan has negative trade balance with Russian Federation. Basic trade partners, in import, 1994-2001 (%)   1994 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 •Russian Federation 36,3 54,8 45,8 39,4 36,7 48,7 45,4 • China 2 0,8 1,1 1,2 2,2 3 2,8 Poland 0,7 1 1 1,1 1,7 1,2 0,9 •Uzbekistan 7,8 2,1 1,5 2,2 2,4 1,5 1,3 •Kyrgystan 2,9 2,1 1,5 1,2 0,7 0.6 0,4 • Tajikistan 0,5 0,4 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0 The Diagrama1 Basic trade partners, in export, 1994-2001 (%)   1994 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 •Russian Federation 44.5 42 35,2 29.6 19,8 19,5 20,2 • China 4,6 7,8 6,8 7 8,5 7,3 7,1 Poland 1,7 0,4 0,4 0,8 1,4 0,8 1.5 •Uzbekistan 4 3,4 2,3 2,2 1,2 1,5 1.4 •Kyrgystan 1,9 1,9 1 1,2 1,1 0.6 1 • Tajikistan 03 1 0.8 0.8 08 0.6 0,6 The Diagrama2 Considering structure of

export and import on groups of the commodity spectrum, it is possible to select the following characteristic features. Export. Structure of export Republic of Kazakhstan in Russian Federation for the last few years has varied the separate commodity groups have occupied a leading position. Now on four commodity groups (glow iris3) (fuel mineral, oil and petroleum; products of inorganic chemistry; grain bread and ores) are necessary about 80 % of the Kazakhstan export in Russia, whereas in 1994 on the pointed groups it was necessary 53,3 %. In 2001 as contrasted to 2000 the separate outbound delivering tended to lowering, so, for example, the specific gravity of export of a grain was reduced from 12 % up to 6 %; the export of products of inorganic chemistry was reduced from 14 % up

to 13 %. Certainly, on lowering of export in Russia renders influence a variance between the in-house prices and prices of outbound delivering. At the same time it is necessary to mark, that the reduction of export has taken place not on all basic groups of the commodity spectrum. The specific gravity of export of ore has increased from 8 % up to 10 % and export of fuel from 46 % up to 47 %. Import of republic of Kazakhstan goes into first five of the countries of the basic trade partners of Russia in import. The specific gravity of import of Russia has increased in total amount of the Kazakhstan import from 36,7 % per 1999 up to 45,4 % per 2001. There were insignificant variations in groups of imported commodity production. So, the volumes of import were reduced Diagram 3