Countries and cities — страница 5

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state. It has a total area of 269,000 square kilometres. It is (situated to south-east of Australia. Nearly 3,5 million people live in the country. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington. (It has been the capital since 1865). The official language is English. The climate of New Zealand is moist. New Zealand is rich in minerals. There are some main industries in the country, for example, iron and steel industry. The country has gas and petroleum. There are many mountains in New Zealand. The highest is Mount Cook (12349 feet). There are many rivers in the country. The chief rivers are the Waikato and the Wairu. You can see many lakes in it. You have heard about the native animals in the country. One of them is the kiwi. This interesting bird lives in the wet parts of the thick

bushes. In the day time the bird does not go out It comes out only at night to find food. Kiwis can not fly. Many years ago kiwis were hunted for food. Now the government does not permit the hunting of kiwis. The kiwi is now the symbol of the New Zealand people. Small children are often called kiwis. New Zealand is a self-governing state. The Parliament consists of one House only, the House of Representatives. The Prime Minister is the head of the government There are some political parties in New Zealand. They are: the Labour Party, the National Party, the Party of Socialist Unity and others. New Zealand has heavy industry. There are many plants in the country. Paper and rubber industries are developed too. New Zealand exports apples and honey. There are some big cities such as

Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, Dunedin, Nelson. Auckland, Dunedin, Wellington are the main ports of the country. The capital of the country is Wellington. It is a financial centre too. The city was founded in 1840. There are some educational and cultural institutions in Wellington. They are the University of New Zealand, Victoria University College and others. Victoria University was established in 1897. New Zealand is a very interesting and beautiful country. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA The USA is one of the largest countries in the world. It is situated in the central part of the North American continent. The area of the USA is over nine million square kilometres. It is washed by the Pacific Ocean and by the Atlantic Ocean. The population of the United States is nearly

250 million people, most of the people live in towns. People 'of different nationalities live in the USA. There are a lot of rich people in the USA. But the life of most coloured people is very difficult Some Americans live in poverty, many people can't get work. The official language of the country is English. The capital of the country is Washington. It was named in honour of the first President,. George Washington. As the USA is a large country, the climate is different in different regions of the country, for example, the Pacific coast is a region of mild winters and warm, dry summers, but the eastern continental region is watered with rainfall The region around the Great Lakes has changeable weather. There are many mountains in the USA. For example, the highest peak of the

Cordilliers in the USA is 4,418 metres. The main river of the country is the Mississippi. But there are many other great rivers in the USA: the Colorado in the south and the Columbia in the north-west. There are five Great Lakes between the USA and Canada. The USA produces more than 52% of the world's corn, wheat, cotton, tobacco. There are many big cities in the country. They are Washington, (the capital of the country), New York (the city of social contrasts, financial and business centre of the capitalist world), Boston (there are three universities in it), Chicago (one of the biggest industrial cities in the USA), San Francisco, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Detroit (one of the biggest centres of the automobile industry), Hollywood (the centre of the US film business). The USA

has an Academy of Sciences. There are many scientific institutions, museums, libraries, theatres and other interesting places in the country. The USA is a highly developed industrial country. The USA is rich in mineral resources, such as aluminium, salt, zinc, copper, cement and others. The country is rich in coal, natural gas, gold and silver too. It holds the first place in the capitalist world for the production of coal, iron, oil, natural gas. Such industries as machine-building, ship­building are highly developed in the country. American agriculture produces a lot of food products: grain, fruit, vegetables. The USA is the greatest capitalist country in the world. The USA is a federal republic, consisting of fifty states. Each of these states has its own government. Congress